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Introduction:
Lipids are biomolecules which are soluble in organic non-polar
solvents. Consequently, fats and lipids are insoluble in water.
Glycerides and waxes form a sub-group of compounds which have
an ester as the major functional group and include: waxes, triglycerides,
and phospholipids. Another diverse group of compounds which do
not have any ester functional groups are also classified as lipids.
Lipids without ester functional groups include: steroids, fatty
acids, soaps, sphingolipids, and prostaglandins.
Lipid Functions:
1. Fats and lipids are important because they serve as energy
source, as well as a storage for energy in the form of fat cells..
2. Lipids have a major cellular function as structural components
in cell membranes. These membranes in association with carbohydrates
and proteins regulate the flow of water, ions, and other molecules
into and out of the cells.
3. Hormone steroids and prostaglandins are chemical messengers
between body tissues.
4. Vitamins A, D, E, and K are lipid soluble and regulate
critical biological processes. Other lipids add in vitamin absorption
and transportation.
5. Lipids act as a shock absorber to protect vital organs
and insulate the body from temperature extremes.
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